Piston and connecting-rod construction



R. A. LUNDELL.

PISTON AND CONNECTING ROD CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED FEB-18, T921.

Patented July 18, 1922.

CINVE NTOR UNETED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT A. LUNDELL, OF NEW YQRK, N. Y., ASSIGNGR TO INGERSOLL-RAND COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A. CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

1ISTON AND CONNECTING-ROD CONSTRUCTION.

Original application filed April 18, 1918, Serial No. 229,306.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Divided and this application filed February 18, 1921. Serial No. 446,058.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that 1, ROBERT A. LUNDELL, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of t e borough of h lanhattan, city, county, and State of New York, have invented a certain Piston and Connecting-Rod Construction, of which the following is a specification aciompanied by drawings.

This invention relates to engines, but more particularly to multiple cylinder V-type engines adapted to be operated by fluid under pressure, as for instance compressed air, for high speed rotatin tools or machines, the present application being a division of my copending application Serial No. 229,306 filed April 18, 1918. r

In an engine of this type, the cylinders are ordinarily located at equal acute angles on opposite sides of a plane passing through the axis of the crank shaft, and the axes of the cylinders form an angle of approximately 90 degrees in practice, although this angle may be more or less than that, and between about 30 degrees. and about 120 degrees as desired.

The usual method of assembling the pistons in the cylinders is to first insert the pistons and connecting rods into the cylinders, be'lore assembling the connecting rods on the crank pin or pins of the crank shaft, necessitating some "form of split or open connecting rod end which in the limited space of small enginescan not be made as substantial and durable as a closed end one piece connecting rod, as shown in the present instance. Particularly in small engines, difficulties are experienced in so assembling the parts, owing to the confined space in which to adjust the bearings and other parts, after the pistons and connecting rods are in position in the cylinders.

The primary object of the present invention is to obviate these and other disadvantages oi such methods of assembly known tothose skilled in the art, by forming the crank shaft. connecting rods and pistons as a single unit with provision for permitting the pistons to be inserted. in the cylinders after the connecting rods have first been assembled in the pistons and on the same crank pin. By this means all the adjustments on the pistons and crank pin are conveniently made on the bench before the pistons are placed in the cylinders, and furthermore the connecting rods may be provided with continuous bearing rings adapted to he slipped over the crank endwise instead oi the usual split bearing sleeves or rings which are required in the usual methods.

'lYhe invention is illustrated in the accom panying drawing in which the figure is longitudinal sectional view through two cylinders of a V-tv 3e en 'ine. but transverse to the axis of the crank shaft.

ate in the cylinders and connecting rods 3 are suitably pivoted to said pistons and in accordance with this invention are adapted to be assembled on the same crank pin 15 before inserting the pistons 10 into the cylinders.

As shown in this instance, the connecting rods 3 are provided with balls 13 at one end pivotally held within the one piece sockets 14L formed in the rearwardly extending integral portions 12 of the piston heads, the edges of the sockets being crimped or formed over to hold the balls, which permits the connecting rods to rock relatively to the pistons. The crank ends of the connecting rods 8 are preferably formed with continuous rings 8 adapted to he slipped over the bearing sleeves 16 in assembling the unitary structure comprising the pistons, connecting rods and crank.

The clearances are such that both pistons 10 may be started into the cylinders 18 at substantially the same time or simultaneously inserted. Provision for such assembly is afforded by cutting away portions of the rims of the pistons, preferably on a bevel, as shown at the points 11 so that when these two bevels are placed together, the angle between the connecting rods 3 is less than the angle between the axes of the cylinders 18 and the pistons may be simultaneously inserted in the cylinders.

In the figure the pistons are shown in the positions they assume as they are being assembled in the cylinders, from which it will be apparent that the connecting rods 3 have been adjusted at an angle less than the angle between the axes oi the cylinders. .t' uch adjustment is permitted becauseot the (fut-away portions 11 ot the pistons and by this means the pistons 10 may be simultaneously inserted in the cylinders after the connecting rods have been assembled in the pistons and on the same crank pin 15.

lam not to be understood as limiting the invention to the exact form and construction shown as equivalent constructions may be devised within the scope of my claims.

I claim:

1. A. piston and connecting rod construction for engines comprising a piston, a connecting rod pivotally connected to said piston, a portion of the rim of the piston being cut away at one side. to permit a relatively smaller angular adjustment between two piston rods, to afford provision for as sembling a plurality of pistons as a unit in an engine after the connecting rods have been connected to the same crank pin.

2. A. piston and connecting rod construc tion for engines comprising apiston, a connecting rod pivotally connected to said piston, a portion of the rim of the piston being cut away on a bevel at one side, to permil; a relatively smaller angular adjustment between two piston rods, to afford provision for assembling a plurality of pistons as a unit in an engine after the connecting rods have been connected to the same crank pin,

3. A piston and connecting rod construction "for engines comprising a hollow piston havingan interior socket formed in a rear wa rdly extending portion of the piston head, and a connecting rod having a. ball at one end pivotally held withinsaid socket, a portion of the rim of the piston being cut away at one side to permit a relatively smaller angular adjustment between two piston rods, to atlord provision for assembling a plu rality of pistons as a unit'in an engine after the connecting rods have been connected to the same crank pin.

at. it piston and connecting rod construction for engines comprising a hollow piston having an interior socket formed in arealwardly extending portion of the piston head, and a connecting rod having a. ball at one end pivotally held within said socket, a portion of the rim of the piston being cut away on a bevel at one side to permit a relatively smaller angular adjustment between two piston rods, to afford provision for assembling a plurality of pistons as a unit in an engine after the connecting rods have been connected tothe same crank pin.

5. A multiple cylinder V-type fluid pressure motor, having a crank shaft and crank, cylinders located at equal acute angles on opposite sides of a plane passing through the axisiot the crank shaft, pistons adapted to operate in the cylinders, connecting rods pivotally connected to said-pistons and adapted to be assembled on the same crank pin before inserting the pistons into the cylinders, and means permitting said pistons to be simultaneously inserted in the cylinders longitudinally after the connecting rods have first been assembled in the pistons and on the crank pin.

6. A multiple cylinder V-type fluid pres sure motor, having a crank. shaft and crank, cylinders located at equal acute angles on opposite sides of a. plane passing through the axis of the crank shaft. pistons adapted to operate in the cylinders, connecting rods pivotally connected to said pistons and adapted to be assembled on the same crank pin before inserting the pistons into the cylinders, and means for adjusting the connect ing rods at an angle less than the angle between the aXcs of the cylinders, to permit the pistons to be simultaneously inserted in the cylinders longitudinally after the connecting rods have been assembled on the pistons and on the said crank pin.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

ROBERT A, LUNDELL. 

